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Map of Region
University of Illinois at Chicago, Center for Urban Economic Development,
2000.
Total
Population
Crain’s Chicago Business, Metro Chicago Market Facts 2000, “Population
By Age,” Supplement from July 3, 2000.
Number of Jobs
Northeastern Illinois Planning Commission, www.nipc.cog.il.us/aboutreg.htm
Unemployment Rate
Illinois Department of Employment Security (1999).
Age Distribution
U.S. Census Bureau, 1999 Census Estimates.
Total Area
Northeastern Illinois Planning Commission, www.nipc.cog.il.us/aboutreg.htm
Ethnic Distribution
U.S. Census Bureau, State and County QuickFacts
Gross Regional Product
Estimate prepared by the Regional Economics Applications Laboratory (REAL),
a cooperative venture between the University of Illinois and the Federal
Reserve Bank of Chicago. Estimate derived from REAL’s Chicago REIM,
Regional Econometric Input/Output Model, and reported in Year 2000 dollars
using DRI’s national projection data for the consumer price index.
Educational Attainment
Metro Chicago Information Center, 1999 Metro Survey, “Demographics,
Religion, Nationality, Immigration,” Table 24, p.148, June 4, 1999.
Median Household Income
Calculated from Claritas data, 1999.
Corporate Headquarters
Data obtained from Standard and Poor’s Compustat. Headquarters are
those companies that file a 10K report from the Chicago region. Only public
companies with more than 500 employees worldwide are included in the data
set.
Industry Diversity
Indicator developed from Regional Financial Associates’ state-level
data of unemployment insurance filings. Employment concentration is measured
as the relative amount of employment in a cluster as a portion of total
regional employment compared with the same cluster’s employment nationally
as a portion of total U.S. employment.
Value-Added by Industry/Per Capita
Data obtained from Regional Financial Associates. Value-added is derived
by subtracting the total cost of inputs, other than direct labor costs,
from the stated value of the final goods produced. Value-added by industry
is an index comparing the value-added in the Chicago region to the value-added
nationally in the same industry cluster. For example, value-added in the
business services cluster is approximately 41% greater in the Chicago
region than it is nationally.
Average Wage
Data derived from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Average Annual
Pay Levels in Metropolitan Areas, and Regional Financial Associates that
collects information from individual firms reporting payroll amounts in
compliance with unemployment insurance regulations. All wages have been
adjusted into 1999 dollars using the All Urban Consumers CPI, published
by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Wages are averaged across industry
clusters defined for the Chicago region.
Domestic and Foreign Migration
Data on foreign and domestic migration provided by Regional Financial
Associates. The geographic definition used for this indicator is the 13-County
Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area (PMSA). Data on the educational
attainment of recent foreign immigrants to the region available from the
U.S. Census Bureau.
Venture Capital
Data on regional venture capital investment provided by Venture Economics,
which calculates total private equity investment dollars invested in the
Chicago region and the United States on an annual basis. All figures are
reported in millions of dollars and adjusted for inflation (1999 dollars).
Gazelles
Gazelles are publicly traded companies whose annual revenues have grown
at least 20% over the past four years, starting with at least $1 million
in sales. Standard and Poor’s Compustat provided all data for the
six-county region.
Density per Acre/Per Capita Density
Data prepared for Chicago Wilderness by the University of Illinois at
Chicago, The Field Museum, and the Chicago Wilderness Science and Land
Management Teams; supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(grant GP37J). Density per acre compares percentage change over time in
population to urbanized area. Urbanized area is identified by satellite
imagery as any built-up land cover, with a spatial resolution of 28.5
meters. Land cover maps were created based on Landsat™ images for
1972, 1985 and 1997. Source for population is U.S. Bureau of the Census
population estimates.
Urban Build-Up
Maps were prepared for Chicago Wilderness by the University of Illinois
at Chicago, The Field Museum, and the Chicago Wilderness Science and Land
Management Teams; supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(grant GP37J). Urban build-up is identified by satellite imagery as any
built-up land cover, such as buildings or pavement, with a spatial resolution
of 28.5 meters. Any square area of 28.5 meters (93.5 feet by 93.5 feet)
that was recognized primarily as built-up is considered, in its entirety,
to be urban build-up. Land cover maps, including urban build-up areas,
were created based on Landsat™ images for 1972, 1985 and 1997.
Rail-Housing Development
Data are from the Northeastern Illinois Planning Commission (NIPC) new
development database. NIPC used residential utility meters to determine
the location of new housing units between 1990 and 1995.
Transit-Jobs
Source is the Northeastern Illinois Planning Commission (NIPC). NIPC geo-coded
the Illinois Department of Employment Security (IDES) 1990 and 1995 jobs
data file, ES202 Tape “Covered Employment,” which consists of
nearly all jobs other than public sector. NIPC used its own database of
government offices for public sector jobs.
Congestion
Data are from the Texas Transportation Institute’s 1999 Urban Mobility
Study, Texas A&M University. The average vehicle hours of delay includes
all drivers within the region, whether or not the driver regularly commutes
by vehicle or drives as part of their job. Delays on interstate expressways
and primary arterial highways are included. Region used for this estimate
refers to the urbanized portions of the 13-county CMSA. Incorporated portions
of counties and small towns with a population of less than 2,500 persons
were not included in the study.
Transit Ridership
Data are from the Regional Transportation Authority (RTA) and consist
of the number of rides on Chicago Transit Authority (CTA), Metra, and
Pace transit systems. Transit routes are in Cook, DuPage, Kane, Lake,
McHenry, Will and Kenosha, (WI) Counties. Metra ridership totals are from
the Regional Transit Authority (RTA).
Air Travel
Data are provided by BACK Information Services, Newport Beach, CA. Data
are for all international flights departing from Chicago O’Hare and
Midway Airports, including to Canada and Mexico.
Housing Affordability
Housing affordability data are from the National Association of Homebuilders’
Housing Opportunity Index. The index is based on the region’s median
home price, median family income and interest rates. The median family
income figures for households with two or more related individuals covers
the nine-county PMSA for the Chicago region. The 1999 MFI figure is $63,800.
The index calculates the percentage of homes that are affordable to those
earning the regional median income.
Six-County Affordability Index
The affordability index measures whether or not a homebuyer could qualify
for a mortgage loan on a typical home. For example, a homebuyer who earned
the regional median income had 144% of the income needed to buy a home
at the median price level for the Chicago subregion in 1999. Regional
median income is calculated by a county population-weighted average of
the six-county median household income. Data for population and median
household income by county are provided by Regional Financial Associates.
Data on median housing price and geographic boundaries for each subregional
realty board jurisdiction provided by the Illinois Association of Realtors.
Rent Burden
Source is the American Housing Survey, U.S. Department of Housing and
Urban Development. Rent burdened households are rental households that
pay more than 30 percent of their income for rent and utilities. Region
reported is for eight counties (Cook, DuPage, Grundy, Kane, Kendall, Lake,
McHenry and Will).
Job-Rental Units Supply Ratio
Data are from the Metropolitan Planning Council’s (MPC) November 1999 study, For Rent: Housing Options in the Chicago region, prepared by the University of Illinois at Chicago, the Urban Institute, and Applied Real Estate Analysis, Inc. Data are for the six-county metropolitan region.
Per Capita Income
Data provided by Regional Financial Associates and the U.S. Department
of Labor’s Bureau of Labor Statistics. All figures are inflation
adjusted to 1999 dollars. The indicator is total personal income from
all sources (e.g. wages, investment earnings, self-employment) divided
by the total population in the region.
Household Income Distribution
Data are from the annual March Supplement of the U.S. Census Bureau’s
Current Population Survey (CPS). The CPS sample was determined representative
of the nine-county Chicago PMSA by comparing variables of income, age,
gender and race/ethnicity to data reported in the 1990 Census.
Poverty
Poverty estimates prepared by the U.S. Census Bureau’s Small Area
Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE) branch. The poverty thresholds do
not vary geographically, but they are updated annually for inflation using
the Consumer Price Index (CPI-U). The official poverty definition counts
money income before taxes and does not include capital gains and non-cash
benefits (such as public housing, Medicaid and food stamps). For more
information: www.census.gov/hhes/poverty/povdef.html
Concentration of Income
Data for maps are from the 1980 Census, 1990 Census, and 1999 Claritas.
Income reported by the 1980 and 1990 Census is based on incomes for 1979
and 1989, respectively. Likewise, the 1999 income figure is based on 1998
income. The regional median household income for the six-county region
was based on income distributions estimated by the Center for Urban Economic
Development (UICUED). The median household income for each census tract
was compared to the region’s median household income.
The maps for this indicator use current dollar income data, and therefore are an accurate representation of geographic income segregation (both low- and high-income segregation). The maps should not be used to interpret the concentration of poverty-level population because, as discussed, that is measured more accurately using a standard income level and controlling for inflation.
Violent Crime
Source is the State of Illinois’ Criminal Justice Information Authority.
This measure uses the six-county region. Violent crime rates for Illinois
(including the Chicago region) are not completely comparable to national
violent crime rates due to a difference in the definition of sexual assault.
The violent crime rate reported by Illinois is slightly higher than an
equivalent national violent crime rate because of a broader definition
used by the State.
Property Crime
Data for the six-county region provided by the State of Illinois’
Criminal Justice Information Authority.
Perception of Crime
Data collected from the Quality of Life regional survey conducted during
July 2000 by the Metro Chicago Information Center.
Uninsured Residents
Data are Employee Benefit Research Institute estimates, based on the March
1996, March 1997, March 1998, and March 1999 Current Population Surveys,
U.S. Bureau of the Census. Region used for this estimate is the 13-county
Chicago CMSA.
KidCare
Enrollment data are from the Illinois Department of Public Aid (IDPA).
KidCare eligibility estimates are from a 1999 study by the Health Policy
Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, for IDPA. The eligibility estimate
for the number of families in suburban counties with an income of 133%
to 185% of the poverty level was made by the Center for Urban Economic
Development, University of Illinois at Chicago, based on the statewide
and Cook County estimates in the aforementioned study.
Infant Mortality Rates
Data provided by the Illinois Department of Health for all six counties
and by ethnicity. Infant mortality is calculated as the annual number
of infant deaths in the first year of life, per 1,000 live births.
Child Immunization
Data source is the Division of Research, Illinois State Board of Education.
Number of students does not include those who are unprotected for religious
or medical reasons. The immunization rate for Haemophilus influenza type
B (Hib) consists solely of applicants for enrollment in the public At-Risk
Pre-Kindergarten Program. Immunization for Hib is required only for pre-kindergarten
students in Illinois, making it a good indicator of school readiness.
Heart Disease
Data provided by the Illinois Department of Public Health by ethnicity.
Population estimates obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau for 1990 through
1998. Deaths due to coronary heart disease are age adjusted using 1940
standard population weights.
At-Risk Families
Data collected from the Illinois Department of Public Health for 1992
through 1997. “At-risk” families are defined as first births
to females under the age of 20 who have not graduated from high school
and who were unmarried at the time of the birth of the child.
Parental Reading
Data collected from the Quality of Life regional survey conducted during
July 2000 by the Metro Chicago Information Center.
Third-Grade Reading/ Eighth-Grade Math Scores
Performance results for 1999 provided by the Illinois State Board of Education
for all third grade students tested in the six-county region. For more
information: Specific results for individual school districts are available
at www.isbe.state.il.us/.
Dropout Rates
Data on dropouts were obtained from the Illinois State Board of Education.
Data on Chicago public schools were from the University of Chicago’s
Consortium for School Research. The data included students in grades 9
through 12 whose names have been removed from the district roster for
any reason other than death, extended illness, graduation/ completion
of a program of studies, transfer to another school or expulsion.
Educational Attainment
Data are provided by the U.S. Census Bureau and extracted from its annual
March Supplement survey. Data are for regional residents who have earned
a post-secondary degree. Limitations of the data include small sample
sizes for ethnic categories, which may contribute to yearly fluctuations
in the share of those attaining post-secondary degrees. As a result, the
data is averaged over a two-year period, for example, 1998 data is the
average of 1997 and 1998 figures.
Regional Land Cover
Maps were prepared for Chicago Wilderness by the University of Illinois
at Chicago, The Field Museum and the Chicago Wilderness Science and Land
Management Teams; supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(grant GP37J). There are 11 land cover categories: (1) water, (2) urban
land, (3) urban grass, (4) agriculture, (5) forest/woodland, (6) floodplain
forest, (7) savanna, (8) prairie, (9) wetland, (10) unassociated woody
growth and (11) unassociated grassy growth. For the maps, “urban”
land cover includes urban land and urban grass; “natural” land
cover includes forest/woodland, floodplain forest, savanna, prairie and
wetland; and “unassociated growth” land cover includes unassociated
woody growth and unassociated grassy growth. Original graphs of regional
land cover prepared from the same data.
Protected Open Space
Figures for 1999 are from Chicago Wilderness, “Protected Open Space”
map, based on satellite imagery and verification by county forest preserves,
conservation districts and the Illinois Department of Natural Resources.
Totals for other years were determined based on amount of land acquired
by each county’s forest preserve or conservation district, the state
park system, and the U.S. Forest Service. This measure includes undeveloped
areas that are permanently protected through conservation easements or
public ownership, such as county forest preserves, conservation districts,
state parks and national forest land. Due to lack of information on the
acquisition date of a 10-acre Lake County conservation easement, it was
equally distributed for each of the 10 years from 1990 to 1999.
Protected Open Space
Map prepared for Chicago Wilderness by The Field Museum and Futurity,
Inc.; supported by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (agreement 30181-9-G056)
and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (grant GP37J). The
Chicago Region Land Cover/Land Use Project is based on the following source
data: (1) Land cover maps created for the Chicago Wilderness/NASA project,
Tracking Natural Community Fragmentation and Changes in Land Use and Land
Cover: A Case Study in Chicago Wilderness; and (2) The Northeastern Illinois
Planning Commission’s “1995 Land Use Inventory” (1:24,000
scale).
Air Quality
Data source for ground-level ozone is the Illinois Environmental Protection
Agency. Annual readings measured against the current federal standard
for ozone (.085 parts per million for the daily high eight-hour average),
although the Chicago region retains a non-attainment area exemption from
compliance. Small changes in ground level ozone from one year to the next
may be due to changes in weather patterns. It is better to consider the
trend over several years when examining air quality with the ozone measure.
Stream Quality
Data source is the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency. Calculations
are by the Center for Urban Economic Development, University of Illinois
at Chicago. Only stream segments that were monitored in the 1980s and
between 1993 and 1997 are included. Monitored watersheds are those for
which the assessment is based on current site-specific ambient data, intensive
data, or both. The overall use rating was used, which primarily takes
into account aquatic life use and secondarily, fishing, swimming, and/or
public water source uses.
A consortium of the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, Illinois Department of Natural Resources, and the Illinois Natural History Survey prepared the Biological Stream Characterization index criteria referenced in the report’s text.
Quality-of-Life Survey
Cited results in the report from Chicago Metropolis 2020’s Quality
Of Life regional survey, conducted by the Metro Chicago Information Center
(MCIC). MCIC completed telephone interviews with 1,451 adult residents
of the six-county region between June 10 and July 5, 2000. MCIC re-interviewed
respondents to MCIC’s annual Metro Survey and added new randomly
selected interviews to ensure that the survey sampling included at least
200 residents of each county. The survey data is statistically significant
and weighted for regional- and county-specific analysis. The maximum error
attributable to sampling and other random effects is plus or minus 3 percentage
points. Interviews were conducted in both English and Spanish.
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